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Professor Manohar Lal and the Face of Imperial Design
Ram Narain Lohkar1
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Professor Manohar Lal, one of the ablest and finest Indians of his time,
was born in the twilight of 19th century and expired a couple of years after
India became Independent. On the basis of available records, it becomes
apparent that he was a genius as a student scholar, a teacher and academician
dedicated to the pursuit of truth and excellence with a comprehensive vision
of knowledge, a nationalist at heart with a pro-international apolitical
attitude, competent administrator, and a reserved and upright politicianstatesman. Commensurate records are not available on him perhaps for the
reason that he belonged to a subject nation with a caliber which did not
accord well in the mental system of either the ruler or the ruled. Born in a
reformist environment of a resurgent Indian province of Punjab, he
performed with an exceptional brilliance during his studies in India and
abroad. Back from Cambridge, in 1906, he got straight into the position of
Principal of Randhir College, the prestigious university college in
Kapurthala, and after three years got the newly created coveted Minto
Professorship of Economics in Calcutta University in 1909. After teaching
there for just a little over 3 years, he was forced out of the field of his choice
in a high-handed manner, he did not give up his academic interests and
fulfilled his obligations to the society in the true spirit of selfless action
(Nishkam karma). His contribution could not be properly evaluated in a fair
manner perhaps because the British Indian government of the time
considered nationals of Indian originas an inferior affiliate to the Colonial
Masters, and Indian nationalists as Prussian type narrow-minded European
nationalists and therefore enemy of their own empire. The only research level
work on him by Professor J. Krishnamurty was published in Modern Asian
Studies in 2010; whatever written evidence on him is available in the public
domain is very limited, some of which remained obscure and could not be
used to evaluate his contribution adequately and shed light on his real self.
- Professor of Economics (Retd.), University of Allahabad. E-mail - ramlohkar@gmail.com
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Area, Gender and Regional Disparities in Commuting
Patterns within the Districts of India’s
Most Populous State
Taru Saigal,1 Arun Kr. Vaish,2 NVM Rao,3
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Rapid urbanization not only brings about environmentally
unsustainable mobility patterns but also leads to the
empowerment of women. This paper aims to examine the
been analyzed.
The results of this paper reveal an inclination observed in
urban residents to avoid commuting short distances with
non-motorized slow modes of transport and long distances
with public transport and rather use individual motorized
transport. While women in urban areas are switching over to
two-wheeler motorized modes of transport from slow modes,
their dependence on NMT for traveling short distances is still
high. Majority of the trips in both rural and urban areas of
the districts are undertaken using slow modes of transport;
however, the share of individual motorized modes though
smaller is not trivial. The study also gives evidence of
regional disparities in commuting patterns within the state.
Jhansi, which represents the Bundelkhand region of the state,
has the lowest share of women commuting to non-agricultural jobs and the highest share of total commuting
trips by rural men being undertaken on foot. The paper,
therefore, underlines the significance of taking into account
area, gender, and regional differences before formulating the
transport policies.
Key Words: commuting pattern; rural-urban area; gender;
region; sustainable commuting; India.
- Research Scholar, Department of Economics and Finance, Birla Institute of Technology
and Science, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan- 333031, India. Email: p20170405@pilani.bitspilani.ac.in
- Assistant Professor, Department of Economics and Finance, Birla Institute of Technology
and Science, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan- 333031, India. Email: akvaish@pilani.bitspilani.ac.in
- Professor, Department of Economics and Finance, Birla Institute of Technology and
Science, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan- 333031, India. Email: nvmrao@pilani.bitspilani.ac.in
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Does the Government Expenditure Really Help to
Nigeria For its Economic Growth?
Bhola Khan 1
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Government expenditure in an any economy has increases
production and employment opportunities and further it
leads to economic growth of the economy. The objective of
this study is to highlight the relationship between government
expenditure and its impact on Nigerian economy form 1996
non-oil revenue and recurrent expenditure having positive
relationship with economic growth, while capital expenditure
has negative impact on economic growth. The study
therefore, suggests that the government should ensure more
efficient and prudent management of oil revenue and adhere
to proper implementation of capital projects in Nigeria while
maintaining and improving the non-oil revenue generation.
Key Words: Government Expenditure, Capital Expenditure,
Recurrent Expenditure, Oil Revenue.
- Department of Economics, Yobe State University, Damaturu, Nigeria Email: bholakhan.apj@gmail.com
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Size and Proximity Effects of Economy on India’s
Bilateral Trade in Tea
Pradeed Kumar Singh 1
Pradyut Guha 2
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Using data collected from various published sources, present
study made an attempt to examine the size and proximity
effect of the economies on India’s bilateral trade in tea with
her leading trading partner’s during 1988-2016 using
gravity model of trade theory. The findings of the study are
consistent with the gravity model of trade theory. However,
geographic adjacency seen to have significant inverse
association with India’s bilateral trade in tea during the 29
years period of study. Beside self sufficiency the restrictive
trade policies of neighbouring nations to some extent
responsible for sluggish export of Indian tea to the
contiguous nations during the reference period.
Key Words: Gravity model, tea export, proximity
JEL Classification Code: F1, F10
- Assistant Professor Stage II, Department of Economics, University of Allahabad,
Prayagraj-211 002 (UP). E-mail: pks@allduniv.ac.in
- Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Sikkim University, Sikkim.
E-mail: pguha@cus.ac.in
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Fiscal Decentralization and Macroeconomic Stability in
Nigeria
Blessing Ose OLIGBI 1
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Given the benefits of fiscal decentralization and the drive
among developing and transition countries including Nigeria
to decentralize their expenditures and revenues to subnational government as part of a broader objective for
enhancing public sector efficiency, this study examined fiscal
value statistic confirmed the existence of co -
integrating equations among the variables of interest. This
suggested the tendency of a long run relationship among the
variables under consideration. The VAR result indicated that
the one lagged period of macroeconomic variable is not a
driver of economic growth as it coefficient for exhibits
negatives values and not statistically significant. The VECM
result indicated that there will be long run relation among
the variables under consideration. The result went further to
prove that fiscal decentralization has not encouraged
macroeconomic stability that has significantly led to
economic growth in Nigeria. The study recommended that
there practical devolution of fiscal responsibility especially
in the areas of revenue assignment. Furthermore, States
should be able to develop and design Internally Generated
Revenue mechanisms capable of creating wealth, enhancing
economic growth, raising the standard of living and reducing
the level of frictions arising from unending fiscal transfers.
Keywords: Co-integration, Economic growth, Expenditure,
Fiscal decentralization, Macroeconomic stability, Revenue
- Department of Economics and Development Studies, Igbinedion University Okada, Edo
State, Nigeria. Email: blessingoligbi2@gmail.com, blessing.oligbi@iuokada.edu.ng
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Determinants of Food Grain Production in Indian States:
Panel Co-integration and VECM Analysis
Pradeep Kumar Panda 1
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In this paper the author finds the link among the food grain
production, gross state domestic product at current prices,
net irrigated area, fertilizer used by states, cropping
intensity, state fiscal deficit and state gross capital formation
and negative relation with state fiscal deficit. JohansenFisher cointegration test confirmed four co-integrating
equations. VECM is stable, not normally distributed and
non-stationary with problem of autocorrelation. VECM
states that there is significant long run association but in cointegrating equations change of food grain production and
change of SDP have long run causality and they are moving
towards equilibrium with slow speed of adjustment but
change of net irrigated area and change of cropping
intensity do not move to equilibrium level because they have
no long run causality with the independent variables. On the
other hand, there is short run causality running from state
fiscal deficit to SDP and cropping intensity only but rest of
the variables did not show any short run causality.
Keywords: Food grain production, Panel co-integration,
Panel vector error correction, Causality, Wald Test, India.
JEL Code: C12,C23,Q10,Q15,Q18
- Doctoral Scholar (Economics), School of Social Sciences, IGNOU, New Delhi,
Email: pradeep25687@yahoo.co.in
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Measurement of Marketing Efficiency of Rice: An Empirical Study of the State of Uttar Pradesh
Rajeev Kumar Singh 1
Kakali Majumdar 2
Meenakshi Gupta 3
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Background
Marketing is as important as agricultural farming in India.
Uttar Pradesh, locate of this sector, still it is facing lots of problems. The present
work is an attempt to study the marketing efficiency of rice in
the Bundelkhand region of state of Uttar Pradesh.
Objective(s)
The specific objectives of the present paper are to identify
the various marketing channels of rice in Bundelkhand of
Uttar Pradesh and to measure the marketing efficiency of the
identified channels under study.
Methodology
Primary data were collected through questionnaires.
Multistage sampling technique has been used for collecting
the primary data. Efficiency Model of Acharya and
Aggarwal, ANOVA and Simple Regression Models have
been used for the present work.
Results
The present study observed five important marketing
channels for rice in Bundelkhand of Uttar Pradesh. Channel
with four players namely Farmer, Miller-cum-wholesaler,
Retailer and Consumer was observed the most efficient
channel. The difference in marketing efficiencies of the
channels was also observed statistically significant.
Keywords: Marketing Efficiency, Rice, Channels,
Multistage sampling, Acharya and Aggarwal Model,
ANOVA, Regression.
JEL Codes: Q10, Q13
- PhD Student, School of Business, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Kakryal, Katra,
Jammu, India, Pin-182320. E-mail: rrajeevsinghibm@gmail.com
- Associate professor, School of Economics, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Kakryal,
Katra, Jammu, India, Pin-182320. E-mail: kakoli.majumdar@smvdu.ac.in
- Assistant professor, School of Economics, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Kakryal,
Katra, Jammu, India, Pin-182320.
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Economic Viability of Marginal Farmers: A Case Study
of West Bengal
Amit Mandal 1
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The concentration of marginal farms and their possession of
more than fifty percent of the operated land make their role
very significant in West Bengal agriculture. An attempt has
been made in this paper to capture the spatial variation and
determining factors for the economically viable farmers in
productivity, net income from paddy cultivation and annual
farm return and the important determinants for the variation
across the blocks have also been highlighted. It is observed
that for the economic viability of the marginal farmers, the
determinants are- irrigation cost, hired labour cost and
distance from market; squeeze the level of profit across the
blocks while crop diversification enhanced their level of
income.
Keywords: small scale agriculture, spatial variation,
economic viability, probit model, marginal effect.
JEL Code: C01, Q13, Q18, J1,
- Assistant Professor, Mankar College, University of Burdwan, Mankar, West Bengal-713144
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Co-movements between Equity Prices and
House Prices in Pakistan
Khalid Mustafa1
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The study aims to explore the long-run causal association
between Pakistan's house prices and equity prices. The data
are monthly and covered the period from Janu it
is essential to apply the VAR test. The results of the VAR test
show that various variables are insignificant and other
statistics are weak. Estimated EGARCH (1, 1) models show
that both indices are positive and highly significant,
indicating that bad news and the good news of the same size
have different effects. It is suggested that a strong monetary
and fiscal policy is needed during the inflationary and
deflationary period, as house prices and equity prices are
volatile, so both inflation.
- Professor, Department of Economics, University of Karachi, Pakistan.
E-mail: khalidm@uok.edu.pk, khalidku2009@yahoo.com
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Financial Inclusion & Entrepreneurship as
Drivers of Socially Inclusive Economic
Growth: Lessons from China
Banwo Adetoro Olaniyi1
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This study examines the notion of financial inclusion and
entrepreneurship as inclusive economy drivers of nations.
Specifically, it draws inferences from the economic growth of
content analysis. Certain factors such as financial access,
opportunities, business activities, entrepreneurship and
economic growth were adopted to examine the notion of
financial inclusion in this work. It hinges its theoretical
framework on the financial inclusion theories of public
service, collaborative intervention and financial literacy
theories.
Therefore, this research work argues that the Chinese model
of financial inclusion can be applicable to Nigeria if only
this institution has government support, increased awareness
activities and combined integrated efforts of these
institutions. It depicts that if Nigeria must have a successful
financial inclusion policy, it must deviate from its
infrastructural support model and adopt an inclusive
financial policy for its citizenry. It concludes that a nation’s
economic performance is highly influenced by
entrepreneurship and financial inclusion.
Keywords: Financial access, opportunities, business
activities, entrepreneurship and economic growth.
- Department of Linguistics, African and Asian Studies, Faculty of Arts, University of
Lagos, Akoka-Lagos, Nigeria. Email: abanwo@unilag.edu.ng, banwotoro@gmail.com
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